In LiBr absorption chillers, the installation of a three-way valve at the hot water inlet and outlet is a critical design feature that significantly contributes to the system’s operational efficiency, safety, and flexibility. This configuration serves both functional and energy optimization purposes.

The primary reason for installing a three-way valve is to enable flexible control and automatic switching of the hot water flow. In these systems, high-temperature hot water acts as the driving heat source, entering the generator to provide the energy required for the refrigeration cycle. However, the demand for hot water varies depending on the operating conditions. For instance:
– When the unit is shut down or running under partial load, continued hot water flow into the generator may lead to unnecessary energy consumption and potential overheating. The three-way valve allows the hot water to bypass the chiller and return directly to the heat source loop.
– During startup, the valve can gradually introduce hot water into the system, reducing thermal shock and protecting vacuum integrity and internal components.
– In systems with multiple heat sources—such as boiler water and solar-heated water—the three-way valve also facilitates automatic switching between sources.

From a broader perspective, the installation of a three-way valve holds significant value in terms of energy efficiency, system stability, and maintainability.
– Energy Efficiency: By adjusting or bypassing the hot water flow based on real-time load conditions, the system can minimize thermal waste and optimize energy input.
– Operational Safety and Stability: In abnormal conditions or emergency shutdowns, the valve can quickly isolate the heat source, preventing overheating, crystallization, or vacuum loss.
– Ease of Maintenance: The three-way valve enables independent isolation of the chiller from the hot water loop, facilitating inspection, maintenance, or equipment replacement without disrupting the entire heating system.
– Support for Automation: When integrated with temperature sensors and control systems, the valve enables intelligent, unattended operation and simplifies system management.

In summary, the installation of a three-way valve at the hot water inlet and outlet is more than just a piping arrangement—it reflects a refined control strategy and plays a vital role in ensuring the efficient, safe, and intelligent operation of LiBr absorption chillers.